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What is the difference between sort -u and sort | uniq? With POSIX compliant sorts and uniqs (GNU uniq is currently not compliant in that regard), there's a difference in that sort uses the locale's collating algorithm to compare strings (will typically use strcoll() to compare strings) while uniq checks for byte-value identity (will typically use strcmp())¹ That matters for at least two reasons
Difference between using `sort -u` and `sort | uniq -u` sort -u and sort | uniq do produce the same output*: all of the lines in the input, exactly once each, in ascending order That is the default behaviour of uniq uniq -u, on the other hand, asks to:-u Suppress the writing of lines that are repeated in the input This is a very different behaviour: only the lines that do not repeat are outputted
What is the point of uniq -u and what does it do? [duplicate] NAME uniq - report or omit repeated lines DESCRIPTION With no options, matching lines are merged to the first occurrence -u, --unique only print unique lines If we try it out we see: $ cat file cat dog dog bird $ uniq file cat dog bird $ uniq -u file cat bird You can see that uniq prints the first instance of a duplicated line
How is uniq not unique enough that there is also uniq --unique? uniq with -u skips any lines that have duplicates Thus: $ printf "%s\n" 1 1 2 3 | uniq 1 2 3 $ printf "%s\n" 1 1 2 3 | uniq -u 2 3 Usually, uniq prints lines at most once (assuming sorted input) This option actually prints lines which are truly unique (having not appeared again)
Difference between sort -u and uniq -u - Unix Linux Stack Exchange My output consists of 1110 words for which sort -u keeps 1020 lines and uniq -u 1110 lines, the correct amount The issue is that I cannot visually spot any duplicates on the list which is generated by using > at the end of the command line, and that there IS an issue with the total cracked passwords (in the context of customizing john the ripper)
Sort and count number of occurrence of lines | sort | uniq -c As stated in the comments Piping the output into sort organises the output into alphabetical numerical order This is a requirement because uniq only matches on repeated lines, ie a b a If you use uniq on this text file, it will return the following: a b a
Uniq based on last field, keeping last line, and append number of . . . uniq -c -f 2 only compares the last field by skipping the first two with -f 2 It prepends the number of duplicated lines with the -c flag, so we have to transfer the count number to the last field That is what awk '{$(NF+1)=$1;$1=""}1' does
`uniq` is not realtime when piped - Unix Linux Stack Exchange Of course uniq doesn't produce what you call "realtime" output It emits only unique lines - to do that it has to process the entire set of input lines and remove duplicates It emits only unique lines - to do that it has to process the entire set of input lines and remove duplicates
How to get only the unique results without having to sort data? $ cat data txt aaaaaa aaaaaa cccccc aaaaaa aaaaaa bbbbbb $ cat data txt | uniq aaaaaa cccccc aaaaaa bbbbbb $ cat data txt | sort | uniq aaaaaa bbbbbb cccccc $ The result that I need is to display all the lines from the original file removing all the duplicates (not just the consecutive ones), while maintaining the original order of statements