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Atom | Definition, Structure, History, Examples, Diagram, Facts . . . An atom is the smallest unit into which matter can be divided without the release of electrically charged particles It also is the smallest unit of matter that has the characteristic properties of a chemical element As such, the atom is the basic building block of chemistry
atom - Kids | Britannica Kids | Homework Help An atom is the smallest unit of an element, and each chemical element has a unique atomic number For instance, hydrogen has an atomic number of 1 because every hydrogen atom has one proton in its nucleus
atom - Students | Britannica Kids | Homework Help An atom is the smallest piece of matter that has the characteristic properties of a chemical element, such as hydrogen, oxygen, calcium, iron, gold, and neon More than 90 types of atom exist in nature, and each one forms a different element
Atomic model | Definition, History, Development, Examples, Facts . . . Atomic model, in physics, a model used to describe the structure and makeup of an atom Atomic models have gone through many changes over time, evolving as necessary to fit experimental data For a more in-depth discussion of the history of atomic models, see atom: development of atomic theory
Atomic theory | Definition, Scientists, History, Facts | Britannica Atomic theory, ancient philosophical speculation that all things can be accounted for by innumerable combinations of hard, small, indivisible particles (called atoms) of various sizes but of the same basic material; or the modern scientific theory of matter according to which the chemical elements
Mass number | Atomic mass, Isotopes, Nucleons | Britannica Mass number, in nuclear physics, the sum of the numbers of protons and neutrons present in the nucleus of an atom The mass number is commonly cited in distinguishing among the isotopes of an element, all of which have the same atomic number (number of protons) and are represented by the same
Molecule | Definition, Examples, Structures, Facts | Britannica Molecule, a group of two or more atoms that form the smallest identifiable unit into which a pure substance can be divided and still retain the composition and chemical properties of that substance Learn more about the properties and structures of molecules in this article
Isotope | Examples Definition | Britannica An isotope is one of two or more species of atoms of a chemical element with the same atomic number and position in the periodic table and nearly identical chemical behavior but with different atomic masses and physical properties Every chemical element has one or more isotopes
Atom - Development, Theory, Structure | Britannica Atom - Development, Theory, Structure: The concept of the atom that Western scientists accepted in broad outline from the 1600s until about 1900 originated with Greek philosophers in the 5th century bce Their speculation about a hard, indivisible fundamental particle of nature was replaced slowly by a scientific theory supported by experiment and mathematical deduction It was more than 2,000
Proton | Definition, Mass, Charge, Facts | Britannica Proton, stable subatomic particle that has a positive charge equal in magnitude to a unit of electron charge and a rest mass of 1 67262 x 10^-27 kg, which is 1,836 times the mass of an electron Protons, together with electrically neutral particles called neutrons, make up all atomic nuclei except for that of hydrogen