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Glaciers - National Snow and Ice Data Center What is a glacier? A glacier is an accumulation of ice and snow that slowly flows over land At higher elevations, more snow typically falls than melts, adding to its mass Eventually, the surplus of built-up ice begins to flow downhill At lower elevations, there is usually a higher rate of melt or icebergs break off that removes ice mass Alpine glaciers are frozen rivers of ice, slowly
Science of Glaciers | National Snow and Ice Data Center What is the lifecycle of a glacier, and what factors influence its lifecycle? The amount of precipitation, whether in the form of snowfall, freezing rain, avalanches, or wind-drifted snow, is important to glacier survival For instance, in very dry parts of Antarctica, low temperatures are ideal for glacier growth, but the small amount of net annual precipitation causes the glaciers to grow
Why Glaciers Matter | National Snow and Ice Data Center Glaciers, slow-moving rivers of ice, have sculpted mountains and carved valleys throughout Earth's history They continue to flow and shape the landscape in many places today
Seeking the world’s largest glaciers - National Snow and Ice Data Center What defines a glacier? What are the world’s three largest glaciers? What are the largest glaciers in each region of the world? As often as the rapidly changing cryosphere is making headlines, from stories on dwindling Arctic sea ice to thawing permafrost to melting ice sheets, one would think the answers to these questions would be obvious and easy to find
Ice Sheet Quick Facts | National Snow and Ice Data Center This illustration provides a simplified view of an ice sheet The illustration also includes a nearby mountain glacier, giving an idea of the difference in scale between ice sheets and alpine glaciers — Credit: NASA What is an ice cap? Ice caps are miniature ice sheets An ice cap covers less than 50,000 square kilometers (19,300 square miles) and comprises several merged glaciers Like ice
Glacier Photograph Collection - NSIDC The Glacier Photograph Collection is an online, searchable collection of glacier photographs, mostly in the Rocky Mountains, the Pacific Northwest, Alaska, and Greenland Photographs were taken from the air and ground The dates of the photographs range from the 1800s to the present day
Learn - National Snow and Ice Data Center Quick facts, basic science, and information about snow, ice, and why the cryosphere matters The cryosphere includes all of the snow and ice-covered regions across the planet
GLIMS - National Snow and Ice Data Center The glacier database includes measurements of glacier geometry, glacier area, snowlines, supraglacial lakes and rock debris, and other glacial attributes, as well as browse images The collection includes data from approximately 70 percent of the world's 200,000 glaciers, and new glaciers are continually added
Global PyGEM-OGGM Glacier Projections with RCP and SSP Scenarios . . . This data set comprises results from a hybrid glacier evolution model that uses the mass balance module of the Python Glacier Evolution Model (PyGEM) and the glacier dynamics module of the Open Global Glacier Model (OGGM) Output parameters include projections of glacier mass change, fixed runoff, and various mass balance components at regionally aggregated and glacier scales
World Glacier Inventory - NSIDC The World Glacier Inventory (WGI) contains information for over 130,000 glaciers Inventory parameters include geographic location, area, length, orientation, elevation, and classification The WGI is based primarily on aerial photographs and maps with most glaciers having one data entry only Hence