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Glacier Quick Facts | National Snow and Ice Data Center What is a glacier? A glacier is an accumulation of ice and snow that slowly flows over land Alpine glaciers are frozen rivers of ice, slowly flowing under their own weight down mountainsides and into valleys Ice sheets exist only on Greenland and Antarctica, and they spread out in broad domes in multiple directions
Glaciers - National Snow and Ice Data Center What is a glacier? A glacier is an accumulation of ice and snow that slowly flows over land At higher elevations, more snow typically falls than melts, adding to its mass Eventually, the surplus of built-up ice begins to flow downhill At lower elevations, there is usually a higher rate of melt or icebergs break off that removes ice mass Alpine glaciers are frozen rivers of ice, slowly
Science of Glaciers | National Snow and Ice Data Center Science What is the lifecycle of a glacier, and what factors influence its lifecycle? The amount of precipitation, whether in the form of snowfall, freezing rain, avalanches, or wind-drifted snow, is important to glacier survival
Why Glaciers Matter | National Snow and Ice Data Center Glacier melt delivers nutrients into lakes, rivers, and oceans Those nutrients can drive blooms of phytoplankton—the base of aquatic and marine food chains Meanwhile, gradual glacier melt sustains stream habitats for plants and animals So, glaciers often have an indirect impact on wildlife and fisheries
GLIMS - National Snow and Ice Data Center The glacier database includes measurements of glacier geometry, glacier area, snowlines, supraglacial lakes and rock debris, and other glacial attributes, as well as browse images The collection includes data from approximately 70 percent of the world's 200,000 glaciers, and new glaciers are continually added
World Glacier Inventory - NSIDC The World Glacier Inventory (WGI) contains information for over 130,000 glaciers Inventory parameters include geographic location, area, length, orientation, elevation, and classification The WGI is based primarily on aerial photographs and maps with most glaciers having one data entry only Hence
World Glacier Inventory - NSIDC Glacier Parameters Search Search by geographic cooridnates (lat lon), altitude size length, data contributor, and glacier features such as primary class, form, frontal characteristic, longitudinal profile, major source of nourishment, and tongue activity
Seeking the world’s largest glaciers - National Snow and Ice Data Center What defines a glacier? What are the world’s three largest glaciers? What are the largest glaciers in each region of the world? As often as the rapidly changing cryosphere is making headlines, from stories on dwindling Arctic sea ice to thawing permafrost to melting ice sheets, one would think the answers to these questions would be obvious and easy to find
Ice Sheet Quick Facts | National Snow and Ice Data Center This illustration provides a simplified view of an ice sheet The illustration also includes a nearby mountain glacier, giving an idea of the difference in scale between ice sheets and alpine glaciers — Credit: NASA What is an ice cap? Ice caps are miniature ice sheets An ice cap covers less than 50,000 square kilometers (19,300 square miles) and comprises several merged glaciers Like ice
glacier - National Snow and Ice Data Center glacier a mass of ice that originates on land, usually having an area larger than one tenth of a square kilometer; many believe that a glacier must show some type of movement; others believe that a glacier can show evidence of past or present movement