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Chemistry | Definition, Topics, Types, History, Facts | Britannica Chemistry is the science of the properties, composition, and structure of substances (defined as elements and compounds), the transformations they undergo, and the energy that is released or absorbed during these processes Chemistry is concerned with the properties of atoms and the laws governing their combinations
Chemical reaction | Definition, Equations, Examples, Types - Britannica A chemical reaction is a process in which one or more substances, the reactants, are converted to one or more different substances, the products Substances are either chemical elements or compounds A chemical reaction rearranges the constituent atoms of the reactants to create different substances as products
Chemical compound | Definition, Examples, Types | Britannica Chemical compound, any substance composed of identical molecules consisting of atoms of two or more chemical elements All the matter in the universe is composed of the atoms of more than 100 different chemical elements, which are found both in pure form and combined in chemical compounds
Chemical element | Definition, Origins, Distribution, Facts | Britannica A chemical element is any substance that cannot be decomposed into simpler substances by ordinary chemical processes Elements are the fundamental materials of which all matter is composed Learn more about the origins, distribution, and characteristics of chemical elements in this article
Chemical formula | Definition, Types, Examples, Facts | Britannica Chemical formula, any of several kinds of expressions of the composition or structure of chemical compounds The forms commonly encountered are empirical, molecular, structural, and projection formulas An empirical formula consists of symbols representing elements in a compound, such as Na for
Salt | Chemistry, History, Occurrence, Manufacture, Uses, Facts . . . Salt, also called sodium chloride, mineral substance of great importance to human and animal health, as well as to industry The mineral form halite, or rock salt, is sometimes called common salt to distinguish it from a class of chemical compounds called salts Learn more about salt in this article
Chemical synthesis | Organic Inorganic Reactions | Britannica chemical synthesis, the construction of complex chemical compounds from simpler ones It is the process by which many substances important to daily life are obtained It is applied to all types of chemical compounds, but most syntheses are of organic molecules Chemists synthesize chemical compounds that occur in nature in order to gain a better understanding of their structures Synthesis
Chemical energy | Definition Facts | Britannica chemical energy, Energy stored in the bonds of chemical compounds Chemical energy may be released during a chemical reaction, often in the form of heat; such reactions are called exothermic Reactions that require an input of heat to proceed may store some of that energy as chemical energy in newly formed bonds The chemical energy in food is converted by the body into mechanical energy and
Benzene | Definition, Discovery, Structure, Properties, Uses | Britannica Benzene, simplest organic, aromatic hydrocarbon and parent compound of numerous important aromatic compounds Benzene is a colorless liquid with a characteristic odor and is primarily used in the production of polystyrene It is highly toxic and is a known carcinogen